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ROBOT TEACHERS
NAO Robots will soon be teaching refugee kids German.
Looking for ways to help refugees integrate into their new societies, German scientists have been working on better, more effective ways to teach foreign children their adopted languages. And now they think they¡¯ve found a solution: robots.
Researchers from the University of Bielefeld in northeast Germany have launched a three-year project to see whether an autonomous and programmable robot can make it easier for 4-and- 5-year-old children to gain the language skills they need when they start school.
According to the German Federal Statistical Office, one-third of children under the age of five in Germany come from immigrant families. On December 4, the German interior ministry told Newsweek that it expects around 970,000 refugees to enter the country by the end of 2015—four times the level of 2014. Ministry spokesman Tobias Plate said around half of those new arrivals have already applied for asylum.
The 23-inch-tall robot, named NAO (pronounced now ), was first developed in 2004 by French robotics company Aldebaran Robotics. Using a tablet, a camera and a microphone, NAO will help children from war-torn countries like Syria, Afghanistan and Iraq learn German by showing them pictures to convey simple words and expressions.
¡°Foreign language skills are becoming more and more important for everybody,¡± Kirsten Bergmann, a researcher on the Bielefeld team, tells Newsweek over email. ¡°This concerns refugees who want to learn the language in their new home country, but also others who just want to learn a foreign language.¡±
Several schools around the world already use NAO robots to help them teach languages. According to its creators, NAO can do the job better than a human teacher because it¡¯s infinitely patient and undeniably cute.
¡°[NAO] can repeat the same thing a thousand times,¡± says Aldebaran spokeswoman Aurore Chiquot, by email. ¡°You are not afraid to speak to him and you can learn while having fun.¡±
The NAO pilot program is part of the bigger L2TOR project, which launched on November 25 and brings together linguists and robotics experts universities across Europe to figure out how to use robots to teach children foreign languages.
To make sure kids are comfortable around NAO, the robot is built to resemble a human, with a torso, a head, two arms and two legs. It can speak, walk—even dance—and has the ability to recognize faces and voices. The Bielefeld team hopes to have an army of NAO robots in classrooms around Europe within 18 months, says Bergmann.
And it won¡¯t be just refugee kids who get lessons from NAO, she adds, since the team will include students across age groups and subjects during the pilot program.
Kristen and her colleagues program the NAO robots, which cost more than $7,500 each, to recognize and react to the children¡¯s language levels as they progress. According to NAO creators Aldebaran, there are currently over 5,000 of the robots teaching in 70 different countries.
And the NAO robots are already proving they can help kids learn better. Researchers at the University of Denver say the NAO robots are better than people at triggering social responses in autistic children, who are often confused by facial expressions and vocal inflections. At Yale University, professors Aditi Ramachandran and Brian Scassellati are studying how 10-to-11-year-olds interact with robots, with the aim of developing software that enables robots to understand if a student is sad or happy and recognize the progress they make as they learn math.
In October 2010, The University of Tokyo introduced 30 NAO robots into their informatics labs with the hopes of developing them into laboratory assistants and programming them to teach computer science courses starting in the winter, French newspaper L¡¯Express reported.
 
- NATALIE ILSLEY NEWSWEEK ±âÀÚ / ¹ø¿ª Â÷Áø¿ì
 
 



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